Biography Imam Al Ghazali

Biography Imam Al-Ghazali, a reputation familiar in the ears of the Muslims. Main determine within the area of philosophy and Sufism. Have influence and strategies have unfold throughout the Islamic world. Ironically, the historical past and journey of his lifestyles still feels unusual. Most Muslims do not have an understanding of. Listed below are one of the most aspect of life. So that any Muslims who follow him, should take lessons from the historical past of his life.

Title, beginning and His nasab

He named Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Ath Thusi, Abu Hamid Al Ghazali (See Dhahabi, Siyar Nubala is aware of first-rate 'and As Subki 19/323, Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6 / 191). The scholars differ in penyandaran nasab Imam Al Ghazali's identify. Some say that his name penyandaran to the vicinity Ghazalah in Thusi, his birthplace. This is bolstered by means of Al Fayumi in Al Mishbah Al Munir. Penisbatan this opinion to one of the most descendants of Al Ghazali. Majdudin particularly Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Muhyiddin Syarwan Thahir Shah bin Abul Fadl ibn Ubaidillah Situ Al Mana son bintu Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali who stated that was once one of those who laid our grandfather's identify with ditasydid (Al Ghazzali).


Some again say penyandaran his identify and knowledge to the household revenue is weaving. For that reason nisbatnya ditasydid (Al Ghazzali). Consequently Ibn al-Athir opinion. And declared Imam Nawawi, "Al-Ghazzali in Tasydid is proper." Even Ibn penyandaran deny Assam'ani first title and stated, "i've asked nearby residents about Thusi Al Ghazalah, they usually deny its existence." Some say Al Ghazali is the identify of the penyandaran daughter Ghazalah Ka'b al-Akhbar, Al-Khafaji this opinion.
Which the gurus relied upon the opinion mutaakhirin nasab Ibn Athir with tasydid. Penyandaran ie name and advantage to the work of father and grandfather (pentahqiq rationalization is tailored from the e-book in Syafi'iyah Ash Thabaqat footnote 6/192-192). Born in the city 450 years Thusi H and has a brother named Ahmad (See Dhahabi, Siyar Nubala knows pleasant 'and As Subki 19/326, Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6 / 193 and 194).

Lifestyles and journey Demand Sciences

His father was a craftsman shuf fabric (constituted of sheep skin) and promote them on the town Thusi. With the aid of the demise of her hand on the maintenance of his two youngsters to his friend from the great people. He told, "I quite remorse not finding out handwriting (Arabic writing) and that i want to repair what i have experienced in my two children. So i encourage you to train, and leave my property to be spent on them. "
After death, then teaches them his science, to be completed a bit of legacy it. Then he apologized is probably not capable to proceed with his mother and father owned property. He stated, "recognize with the aid of you two, I must spend for you from your own home. I am an indigent and the poor who do not possess property. I encourage you each to move to a madrassa as if the prosecutor science. So that meals can aid you both. "
Then they convey out these ideas. This is the rationale of happiness and their peak. Hence narrated via Al-Ghazali, until he said, "we're not studying seeing that of the Almighty, but science was once reluctant but most effective considering the fact that the Almighty." (Dinukil from Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6/193-194).

He was once informed, that his father was a mendicant who righteous. Don't consume unless the work of the craft made leather-based clothing. He visited round bermajelis Jurist and with them, and presents a living as pleasant he could. After they heard this (Jurist), he cried and prayed for a baby given the faqih. When present in the meeting speeches advice, he wept and pleaded with the Almighty to present the child the informed advice within the lecture.

May just God supply him the 2d prayer. Imam Al Ghazali become a faqih and his brother (Ahmad) became an informed in giving lectures advice (Thabaqat Ash Dinukil of Syafi'iyah 6 / 194).

Imam Al Ghazali commenced studying at the time was a baby. Studied fiqh from Shaykh Ahmad ibn Muhammad Al Radzakani in the metropolis Thusi. Then go to Jurjan to take science from the Imam Abu Nasr al Isma'ili and write a book At Ta'liqat. Then again to Thusi (See full story in Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6 / 195).

He got here to town and be taught to Naisabur Imam Al Haramain Juwayni with full sincerity. So triumphant so well mastered by Shafi fiqh and fiqh mistake, the science debate, usul, manthiq, knowledge and philosophy. He additionally understood the words of those scientists and people who argue menyelisihinya. Boost writing to galvanize his teachers, particularly Al Juwayni (See Dhahabi, Siyar Nubala knows pleasant 'and As Subki 19/323, Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6 / 191).

After Imam Haramain died, left for the camp of Imam Ghazali Nidzamul Malik Wazir. Considering of his organization gathering location for scientists, so he challenged the controversy to the scholars and defeated them. Then Nidzamul Malik lifted a professor at madrasahnya in Baghdad and ordered him to maneuver there. So within the yr 484 AH, he went to Baghdad and taught at Madrasah An Nidzamiyah of their thirties years. This is the place he developed and became famous. Obtain an awfully high role.

The impact of Philosophy in Dance
The have an effect on of philosophy in his so kentalnya. He geared up the e-book that involves criticism of philosophy, such because the e-book on the smash ugliness Tahafut philosophy. Nevertheless, he agreed to them in some things he thought was proper. It can be simply that his greatness is just not established on the knowledge and skills in atsar hadiths of the Prophet who can destroy philosophy. He also liked to compare the books of Ikhwanush Safa and the books of Ibn Sina. Thus, the Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah stated, "Al-Ghazali in his phrases commonly influenced the philosophy of the works of Ibn Sina within the ebook of Ash Syifa ', Minutes of Safa and Ikhwanish with the aid of Tauhidi At Abu Hayan." (Majmoo' Fataawa 6 / fifty four).

That is evidently noticeable in his publication Ihya 'Ulumuddin. Consequently Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah mentioned, "His word in Ihya Ulumuddin usually just right. Nonetheless, where there may be content that is dangerous, form of philosophy, theology, sufiyah hoax and false hadith. "(Majmoo 'Fataawa 6 / fifty four).

Hence the genius of Imam Ghazali and his abilities in jurisprudence, Sufism and usul, but little or no potential about the science of hadith and sunna Messenger of Allaah 'alaihi wa sallam who should be steering and picking out the reality. As a consequence, he appreciated the philosophy and entered into it with the aid of examining and dissecting the works of Ibn Sina and the like, even though he has a rebuttal to it. Making him even extra from the important teachings of Islam.

Dhahabi stated, "This man (al-Ghazali) write books in philosophy denounced the book At Tahafut. She unpacked their ugliness, but in some instances agree, with the prejudice that's real and according to the religion. He does now not have advantage of atsar and he is not expert in hadith the Messenger of Allaah 'alaihi wa sallam which might lead affordable. He appreciated to dissect and compare the books of Ikhwanush Safa. This e-book is a dangerous disorder and a lethal poison. Even supposing Abu Hamid used to be not a genius and individuals who mukhlis, surely he has perished. "(principles A'lam Nubala 19/328).
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah stated, "Abu Hamid inclined to philosophy. Menampakkannya in the form of Sufism and the Islamic like (syar'i expression). Therefore, Muslims students disagree. Until the closest disciples, (ie) Abu Bakr Ibn al-Arabi said, "Our trainer Abu Hamid philosophy into the stomach, and then want to go out and now not ready to." (Majmoo 'Fataawa four / 164).

Imam Ghazali's spiritual polemic

The position and height of this function does now not make him immodest and love the arena. Even in a raging polemic soul (interior battle) is pleased pursue asceticism sciences. So that prime place of work and refused to return to worship, honest and mental growth. Within the month of Dhul Qai'dah 12 months 488 AH and lifted his brother's pilgrimage named Ahmad as his successor.

Within the year 489 AH, he entered the town of Damascus and stayed a couple of days. Then consult with the Baitul Maqdis a while, and again to Damascus within the west tower beri'tikaf the mosque Jami 'Damascus. She has sat on the nook where Shaykh Nasr ibn Ibrahim Al-Maqdisi at the mosque Jami 'Umawi (now renamed Al Ghazaliyah). Lived there and wrote the book of Ihya Ulumuddin, Al Arba'in, Al Qisthas and Mahakkun Nadzar book. Soul coach and wearing devout students. He lived in Syria about 10 years.

Ibn Asaker stated, "Abu Hamid, vol pilgrimage and stayed in Syria for approximately 10 years. He writes and bermujahadah and live within the west tower of the mosque Jami 'al Umawi. Listening Sahih Bukhari from Abu Sahl Muhammad ibn Ubaidilah Al Hafshi. "(Dinukil by way of Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 6 / 34).

Offered also by way of Ibn Khallakan together with his phrases, "An Nidzam (Nidzam Mulk) sent to a professor at Baghdad madrasahnya yr 484 H. He left his post within the 12 months 488 AH Then the man or woman who zuhud, pilgrimage and stay settled in Damascus for some time. Then transfer to the Baitul Maqdis, then to Egypt and spent some time in Alexandria. Then back to Thusi. "(Dinukil by Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 6 / 34).
When the Wazir Fakhrul Mulk grew to become ruler of Khorasan, he used to be known as to attend and requested to stay in Naisabur. Except finally he came to Naisabur and educating in the madrasa An Nidzamiyah some time. After several years, back to his country with science and keep to his time to worship. He based a madrasa furthermore to his condo and dormitory shufi people. He spent the rest of his time with the Qur'an mengkhatam, in conjunction with experts worship, instructing science and prosecutors of prayers and fasting and other worship until dying.

Later lifestyles

the tip of his life used to be spent studying the hadith and re-assembled via an educated. Imam Dhahabi mentioned, "at the finish of his life, he diligently studying hadith and assembled by specialists and reviewed shahihain (Sahih Bukhari and Muslim). Had he lived longer, it will probably be controlled in a short time. He has no longer had time to relate the hadith and didn't have offspring but several daughters. "

Abul Faraj Ibn al-Jawzi inform the story in the book of the loss of life of his Tsabat Ats Indal Mamat, Ahmad menukil story (brother); On Monday morning, my brother Abu Hamid her ablutions and prayer, then stated, "carry my shroud." Then he took and kissed and put it in his eyes, and stated, "i am obedient and faithful to satisfy the Angel of demise." Then he stretched his legs and going through the Qiblah. He died before the sky turn yellow (late morning). (Dinukil through Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 6 / 34). He died within the metropolis Thusi, on Monday 14 Jumada Awal in 505 AH and was buried within the cemetery Ath Thabaran (Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6 / 201).
His work *

* title of the work he was in short taken from the guide of Ibn Taymiyyah Mauqif Minal Asya'irah, with the aid of Dr. Abdurrahman bin Saleh Ali Mahmud 2/623-625, Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6/203-204
He used to be a productive writing. His scientific work is very much in any respect. Among the many famous works are:
First, the crisis Ushuluddin and aqidah:

1. Arba'in Fi Ushuliddin. The second component of the Koran is the publication he Jawahirul Qur'an.
2. Qawa'idul Aqa'identity, which he united with the Ihya 'Ulumuddin the first volume.
Three. Al Iqtishad Fil I'tiqad.
Four. Tahafut Al Falasifah. His argument includes the opinions and ideas of the philosophers by using Asy'ariyah school ideas.
5. At Tafriqah Bainal Faishal Wa Zanadiqah Islam.

2d, within the science of usul, fiqh, philosophy, and Sufism manthiq, he has work very a lot. In summary, we are able to cite the noted, among them:
(1) Al Ilmil Usul Mustashfa Min. Is an awfully famous booklet in usul fiqh. Which could be very preferred from this guide is an introduction and discussion manthiq science kalamnya. On this e-book of Imam Ghazali theologians to justify movements that stir to mix usul fiqh discussion with the science of kalam discussions in a assertion, "The gurus usul amongst theologians put various dialogue of theology in it (usul fiqh) on the grounds that theology has mastered. Hence love has made combined adukkannya. "but then he stated," Now that we know their outrageous attitude to confuse this predicament, we seem to cast off from it on this assortment. Due to the fact the discharge of anything that has end up a habit very problematic ... ... "(Two phrases, he is the creator dinukil of Ibn Taymiyyah Mauqif Minal Al Asya'irah of Mustashfa pp. 17 and 18).

Additionally, he claims in Mukaddimah manthiqnya, "this isn't including the Preamble of science usul. And likewise now not a designated introduction for him. But the preamble of all science. So any person who does no longer have this talents are not able to be relied on. "(Ibn Taymiyyah Mauqif Minal Asya'irah from Al Mustashfa matters. 19).
Then that is contradicted by Ibn shalah. He said, "this is rejected, when you consider that the cause everyone healthful, it method he is manthiqi. Look at how a number of the clergymen who knew nothing of science manthiq! "(Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 19/329). As a result, because the Companions didn't know the science manthiq. Yet the expertise and understanding a long way higher than the experts manthiq.

(2) Mahakun Nadzar.
(three) Mi'yarul Ilmi. Each this guide and speak about mantiq been printed.
(four) Ma'ariful Aqliyah. The e-book is printed with tahqiq Abdulkarim Ali Uthman.
(5) Misykatul Anwar. Printed repeatedly with Abul Ala tahqiq Afifi.
(6) Al Asna Fi Maqshad Al Syarhi Asma Allah Al Husna. Had been printed.
(7) Mizanul Amal. This booklet has been published by means of tahqiq Sulayman Dunya.
(eight) Al Madhmun bihi Ghairi Ahlihi Ala. By means of the scholars, this guide keontetikannya

disputed the validity and the work of Al Ghazali. Who reject this penisbatan, including shalah Ibn is the declaration, "The Al Madhmun bihi Ghairi Ahlihi Ala, used to be now not he works. I have seen the handwriting transkipnya Kamaluddin Al Qadi Muhammad bin Abdillah Ash Syahruzuri displaying, that it was once solid in the name of Al-Ghazali. He himself has declined with the Tahafut publication. "(Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 19/329).

Many scholars who verify its validity. Amongst them is Shaykh al-Islam, acknowledged, "As for the book Al Ala Madhmun bihi Ghairi Ahlihi, some students reject this decision. Nevertheless, specialists who knew him and it, will recognize that each one this is what he mentioned. "(Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 19/329). The publication was once published recently by using tahqiq Riyadh Ali Abdallah.

(9) Al Ajwibah Al Ukhrawiyah Masail Ghazaliyah Fil.
(10) Madariji fi Ma'arijul Qudsi Ma'rifati An Nafsi.
(eleven) Qanun At Ta'wil.
(12) Fadhaih Al Bathiniyah and Al Qisthas Al Mustaqim. The second guide is his rebuttal of batiniyah sect. Each had been released.
(thirteen) Ilmil An Iljamul Lay Kalam. This guide has been released many times with tahqiq Muhammad Al Mu'tasim Billah Al Baghdadi.
(14) Umdatus Wa Raudhatuth Thalibin Salikin, published by using tahqiq Muhammad Bahit.
(15) Ar Risalah Alladuniyah.
(16) Ihya 'Ulumuddin. Publication is relatively famous and grew to become one reference some Muslims in Indonesia. The previous students have commented loads about this book, including:

Abu Bakr Al Thurthusi said, "Abu Hamid has stuffed the book Ihya 'to lie towards the Messenger of Allaah' alaihi wa sallam. I do not know that there are books on this earth more lies from him, then he combined with philosophical strategies and content Rasail Ikhwanush Safa. They are folks who look at prophetic is something that may be cultivated. "(Dinukil Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 19/334).
In his treatise to the Ibn Mudzaffar, he also mentioned, "As in your clarification about Abu Hamid, i've visible and asked her to converse. I acquired him a first-class of the 'ulama. Having a way of intelligence and working out. He has to his skills throughout his age, even lots of the age. He can fully grasp the way the clergy and into the sector of excessive officials. Then he bertasawuf, menghijrahi science and proficient potential and work involving coronary heart and religious and anxiousness satan. So damaged by means of his philosophical pondering and Al Hallaj (wihdatul pondering beings). Started denouncing Jurist and theologians. Certainly he close to slipped out of this religion. When writing Al Ihya 'he started to speak about science and ahwal sufiyah formulation, but don't but comprehend well and shouldn't have capabilities about. So he did a fatal mistake and filled his e-book with a false hadith. "Imam Dhahabi commented on this with a announcement pronouncing," The Revival in the publication 'there are a quantity of hadiths which are false and her goodness, if there aren't any manners and writing and zuhud in the course of knowledge and Sufi scholars who deviated. "(Dhahabi in Siyar A'lam Nubala 19/339-340).

Thabaqat Imam Asy Subuki in Syafi'iyah (See 6/287-288) has been amassing hadith discovered in al Ihya 'and discovered 943 unknown hadith sanadnya. Abul Fadl al-Iraqi Abdurrahim hadiths mentakhrij Al Ihya 'in his e-book, Al-Asfari Mughni An Takhrij Fi Ma Fi Akhbar Al-Ihya Minal. The e-book is printed with the guide Ihya Ulumuddin. He set against every hadith to the source of reference and provide an explanation for the degree of validity. Gained quite a bit from these hadiths that he's weak and hukumi with false or no words got here from the Messenger of Allaah 'alaihi wa sallam. So beware of the authors, Khatib, academics and the preachers in taking concerns contained within the guide Ihya Ulumuddin.

(17) Al Munqidz Minad Dhalalah. Writing quite a few explaining his part of his biography.
(18) Al Wasith.
(19) Al Basith.
(20) Al Wajiz.
(21) Al Khulashah. The fourth booklet is a reference booklet of fiqh Syafi'iyah which he wrote. Imam As Subki mention the fifty seven works he Thabaqat Ash Syafi'iyah 6/224-227.
Aqidah and Madzhab He
in the matter of jurisprudence, he was a Shafi'i. It appears from the work of Al Wasith, Al Basith and Al Wajiz. Even his guide Al Wajiz included in the registration books Shafi. Specific concentration from students Syafi'iyah. Imam Dhahabi legislation colleges describes him with the declaration, "Sheikh Imam, Islamic Hujjatul, A'jubatuz age, Zainuddin Abu Hamid Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad Ash-Shafi'i Thusi Ath."

while within the creed, he was once famous and famend as a bermazhab Asy'ariyah. Many protect Asy'ariyah in Bathiniyah denied, the philosopher and his university menyelisihi crew. Even probably the most pillars in the tuition. Hence he called aqidahnya famous publication titled Al Iqtishad Fil I'tiqad. However he works in aqeedah and the way taking proof, most effective a abstract of the work of students Asy'ariyah earlier than he (his predecessor). Does now not provide something new in university Asy'ariyah. He simply presented within the type of new and easy means. Imam Ghazali's reputation as a determine Asy'ariyah additionally accompanied by using kesufiannya. He became commonplace marhalah very primary Sufiyah merging into Asy'ariyah.

However Sufism is believed he? It is rather intricate to verify his mysticism. Considering the fact that he quite often denied anything, then he made a aqidahnya. He denies philosophy in Tahafut publication, but he himself to his philosophy and agreed.
When speaking with Asy'ariyah Ash'ari seemed as a actual. When talking of Sufism, he grew to be a Sufi. He typically confirmed to maneuver and not stick with one school. Consequently Averroes criticized by means of announcing, "He did not stick with a school simply in his books. Nonetheless, he grew to be Ash'ari with Asy'ariyah, mystic and thinker sufiyah together with philosophy. "(See the Preamble to the ebook of Apostasy Bughyatul pp. One hundred ten).
As for those who evaluate his books and works like Misykatul Anwar, Al Ma'arif Aqliyah, Amal Mizanul, Ma'arijul Quds, Raudhatuthalibin, Al Maqshad Al Asna, Jawahirul Qur'an and Ala Al Madmun bihi Ghairi Ahlihi, will know that he Sufism Sufism differs from the previous one. Dr Sheikh. Abdurrahman ibn Ali Mahmud Salih Al-Ghazali explains mysticism through declaring, that the key to understand the persona of

Al Ghazali there are two instances:
First, his opinion, that every character has three aqidah. The primary, displayed in front of a layman and difanatikinya. 2nd, circulating in the learn organizations and lectures. 1/3, anything that any person in her dii'tiqadi. No person is aware of except the friends of equal knowledge. If that is so, Al-Ghazali distinct side and hide in a secret aqidahnya.

Second, acquire opinions and a short description suggests he's at all times akidahnya personal. Then evaluate it with the opinion of the thinker as he was no longer inclined to Isyraqi philosophy and mysticism, equivalent to Ibn Sina and others. (Ibn Taymiyyah Mauqif Minal Asyariyah 2 / 628).
He (Sheikh Dr. Abdurrahman ibn Salih Ali Mahmud) concluded that research results and opinions of the researchers inspiration of Al Ghazali, that Sufism is based on the philosophy of Al-Ghazali Isyraqi (Isyraqi Madzhab in philosophy is a unifying colleges of concept and doctrine in historic religions, Greece and Persia . Including part of Greek philosophy and Neo-Platoisme. See Mawsuat Al Al Al Muyassarah Fi Adyan Wal Wal Madzahibi Al Ahzab Mu'ashirah, the work of Dr. Mani 'bin Hamad Al-Juhani 2/928-929). Sincerely that is what he developed as a result of the have an effect on of the works of Ibn Sina and Ikhwanush Safa. Likewise pentahqiq described within the book of Apostasy Bughyatul preamble. After concluding rebuttal Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah against him by using announcing, "Ibn Taymiyyah Disclaimer of Al Ghazali adopted the philosophy centered on readability and unaffected with the aid of the Bathiniyah sect menta'wil texts, even though he denied them all out, as in al Mustadzhiri. When the rationale of this guide (Bughyatul Apostasy, pen) is to deny the individuals who tried to unite all religions and philosophies, the Shaykh al-Islam explains the trade of the Al-Ghazali. Who tried to interpret texts with commentaries Isyraqi philosophy situated on the texts ta'wil inside, in line with the teachings of the important features of knowledgeable Isyraq (followers of the neo-Platonic philosophy). "(See the Preamble to the booklet of Apostasy Bughyatul pp. 111).
But please observe, that on the end of his life, he lower back to instructing left

Ahlusunnah Wal Jama'ah kalam philosophy and science, to pursue Sahih Bukhari and Muslim. Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah mentioned, "Writers Jawahirul Qur'an (Al-Ghazali, pen) seeing that many compare the words of the thinker and check with them, so many mixed opinions with their words. He also refused a variety of things corresponding to them. He is certain, that the phrases of the philosopher does now not provide science and religion. In a similar fashion, theologians words. Ultimately, he busied himself studied Sahih Bukhari and Muslim until his dying in such instances. And Allaah is aware of fine. "

Reference
http://muslim.Or.Identification/biografi/sejarah-hidup-imam-al-ghazali-2.Html